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 Transportation is the activity which facilitates physical movement of people and goods from one place to another. Role of transportation    Transportation plays an important role in the prosperity of a country. It contributes in all realm of developments such as economical development, industrial development, social and cultural one. As much as we invest in transportation sector, we get much economic growth. Transport sector contributes to 6% of Indian GDP and the contribution is increasing continuously. A developed transport system turns a local market into national market. It increases the export import from the availability of raw material. It connects the rural market or distributor to the cities. It increases the productivity of different industries. It promotes the globalization. It improves the living condition of people. It influence the formation of urban societies. It exchanges the adoption of different culture. Modes of transportation There are mainly four mod...

  When the member is subjected to an eccentric load, it goes under direct as well as bending stress. Explanation -   We consider a member which is subjected to an eccentric load, P with eccentricity 'e'. Now, we introduce two load, along its axis, which are equal to P and parallel and opposite to each other. In the above figure, the additional two forces will not make any change in load pattern because they are equal, unlike, collinear and their resultant is zero. Now, we break out the above diagram into two parts - The downward force P acting at the centroid of section will produce direct stress. (see the left figure) And the remaining two forces (P || P) will form a couple and moment of this couple will produce the bending stress. Thus, in the case of eccentric loading, the member will sustain both stresses the direct and the bending. Thank you. 

Click the below link : -   Presentation on Traffic engineering